Organic and inorganic fertilisers Essay Example

Organic and inorganic fertilisers Paper Fertilisers provide nutrients needed by a crop to grow by adding mineral salts to the soil. (1) (6) Organic fertilisers include manure, compost and sewage sludge. Inorganic fertilisers however, are liquids or pellets containing mineral ions and they are made either from naturally occurring rocks or by industrial processes. The main soil nutrients found in these fertilisers are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are present in concentrated form. Both types of fertiliser are added to increase crop yield but there are differences in their uses as will be shown later. (7) (6) However, all fertilisers must be used with caution as the misuse or overuse of them can lead to serious problems. Eutrophication is the main environmental hazard associated with fertilisers. (1) The three main soil nutrients named above are called macro-nutrients as they are required in large amounts and they all help produce a higher yield. Nitrogen is important for leaf growth and so this would directly affect photosynthesis and plant growth. Phosphorus is important for cell division and so is essential for parts of the plant that grow quickly and potassium is crucial in both respiration and photosynthesis. Other nutrients named trace or micro-nutrients are required in small amounts and these include magnesium, iron, and sulphur. Under natural circumstances these nutrients are returned to the soil when plants die and micro organisms break down organic molecules. However, when we grow crops and they are harvested, we take the nutrients out of the soil and disturb this cycle. Therefore addition of these nutrients through fertilisers ensures there are enough nutrients in the soil and promotes growth rates and total yields of crops. We will write a custom essay sample on Organic and inorganic fertilisers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Organic and inorganic fertilisers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Organic and inorganic fertilisers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer (8) The increased productivity due to fertilisers has also allowed poorer areas of land to be used for agriculture. (10) There are a number of differences between organic and inorganic fertilisers and why one could be chosen over another. One advantage with organic fertilisers is that the nutrients are released at a slow steady rate, which suits plant growth. As the nutrients come from natural sources, a portion of them may be temporarily unavailable to plants until released by a combination of warmth and moisture; the same conditions plants need to grow. Released slowly, the nutrients from organic fertilizers are unlikely to burn plant roots or be leached away by water and a single application may last a whole growing season. However, this would mean that they are ineffective in a single season. (3) As organic fertilisers are lower in strength they are unlikely to scorch a root and kill the plant. They also encourage beneficial soil bacteria whereas chemical fertilisers have shown to kill them. (4) Organic fertilizers also place fewer demands on energy resources, and they offer opportunities to recycle garbage. (3) There are many other advantages of organic fertilisers too such as how they contain more nutrients including trace elements and how they improve the crumb structure of the soil. (9) But synthetic fertilisers do have some of their own advantages too. They are easier to obtain, handle, transport and apply and they are quicker acting and cheaper. (9) However, when using a fertiliser, great care must be taken especially when deciding the amount to use. Not only does their use have consequences but also the law of diminishing returns is present. Eutrophication is the direst consequence. A process called leaching can wash fertilisers out of the soil into nearby rivers or lakes. Here in the waterways a nutrient build-up takes place causing rapid plant growth. As a result, algal blooming occurs which blocks out the light and out competes the other plants for mineral ions and carbon dioxide. As all this algae dies, the resulting bacterial activity takes up all the oxygen in the water and biological oxygen demand takes place. This lack of oxygen causes the death of fishes and other animals in the water. (7) Therefore this chain of events caused by leaching can have very serious consequences. There is also an argument that suggests that highly soluble fertilisers lower pH making soils more acidic, which in turn leads to soil deterioration. However, right now this is mere speculation and the argument continues. (5) Other consequences with the use of fertilisers include how they may contain metal residues or plant and animal pathogens, which may enter a food chain causing disease. (7) When deciding the quantity of fertiliser to use, as well as worrying about the consequences on the surroundings, we must also look at how it will affect the plant itself. A law of diminishing marginal returns exists so that as more and more fertiliser is added, the extra increase in yield gets smaller. This is because now there are other limiting factors such as temperature or light intensity. Fertiliser should only be added when nutrients are a limiting factor as these are what they are aiming to replace. (7) (8) Therefore the use of fertilisers can be very useful indeed in increasing crop yield, especially in poorer areas of land. However, all fertilisers must be used with care and caution. Not only must the correct fertiliser be chosen (organic or inorganic) which is more suitable for the circumstances but also the quantity used is very important. Incorrect quantities can lead to the waste of fertilisers but also, more importantly, can have serious detrimental effects on the surrounding environment. However, reduction in diffuse pollution from agriculture can only be achieved by appropriate land management techniques and farmers need quality advice to enable this. Therefore, legislation has been passed by the Environment Agency and the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) exists which produces guidelines for fertiliser use and draws up action plans for farmers in areas that are likely to exceed levels set by the European Union. (1) Other organisations also help such as the Fertiliser Manufacturers Association (FMA) which represents the views and interests of the fertiliser industry to governments and to appropriate organisations and bodies, and promotes the proper and responsible use of fertilisers. (2) Words (excluding title and source references) = 982 words Bibliography: (1) =www. environmentagency. gov. uk/yourenv/eff/water/210440/? lang=_eregion (2) = www. fma. org. uk (3) = www. geocities. com/frugalfolks/organic_fertilisers. htm (4) = www. actionvideo. freeserve. co. uk/organic. htm (5) = www. lifestyleblock. co. nz/articles/200_organic_fertilisers. htm (6) = The complete A-Z Biology Handbook by B. Indge 1997 (7) = AS Biology by Mike Boyle 2000 (8) = A new introduction to Biology by B. Indge, M. Rowland and M. Baker 2000 (9) = Biology for Advanced Level G. S. Toole 1999 (10) = Advanced Biology C. J. Clegg and D. G. Mackean 1994.

Research Paper Thesis Statement Explained

Research Paper Thesis Statement Explained If you're interested in your topic, learning about it'll be more pleasurable and you'll write with increased passion, so select your topic thoughtfully. When you select a specific topic, the initial step is to develop into an authority in the area. As previously noted, the standard of your topic shapes the standard of your topic. If there's absolutely no article on this issue you are trying to find, try to lessen the question and write about a few specific term or situation. Also when picking the topic you want to consider overused ones, as for some common topics won't be so simple to locate some distinctive info and make it quite interesting. Selecting an excellent topic may be hard. A means nothing in regards to joining military. Even if a particular research paper topic is getting lots of buzz at the moment or other folks seem interested in writing about it, don't feel tempted to make it your topic if you don't genuinely have some type of interest in it also. It's too hard to select just one idea. Any new idea can't be included. The Truth About Research Paper Thesis Statement Have a peek at the factors to be considered while selecting an area of research. For some students, a collection of topic is the easiest part . Studying media can be very intriguing and fascinating, although the science of media changes every time once the new media source is introduced. The good thing is that quality does not need to be exorbitant. 1 complicaton of health abortion is that the fetus could possibly be delivered alive. Check also to make certain there are no unnecessary mistakes in the abortion thesis statement. Other instances, like in an abnormal psychology program, might ask that you compose your paper on a particular subject like a psychological disorder. The suggestion is that factors like the muscular forces needed to manage an object could also play a part in perceptions of weight. When you already have all the vital data, you'll need to earn an appropriate essay out of it. It's also wise to define the subject in the introduction so the reader can get a concept of what it is that they will be reading. The practice of selecting excellent research paper topics is a significant commitment. I n the procedure for writing research articles, it's required to adhere to a specific topic. These steps and tips can help you choose decent research paper topics. There are following steps you could follow so as to select a great topic for your research paper. Writing a superb persuasive research paper is a difficult job. One of the most difficult tasks for students is thinking up manageable and informative topics. Your high school research topics have to be focused and concise, along with interesting, but in addition broad in their very own way so you can discover enough data to back up your thesis. Students cannot pick the very first idea they see on the internet or in the print media it's about choosing very good research paper topics on the relevant problems. Needless to say, deciding on the ideal topic for your research paper is the initial and most vital step on the best way to writing the paper itself. Based on what type of paper you're working on, your thesis might be analytical, explanatory, or argumentative. Picking a topic for a research paper isn't easy in any way. You may even get superior examples of research paper topics to help you limit your pick. Now you have a great idea of the way to hunt for college research paper topics, you are prepared for some suggestions. Before you start, learn more about the way to perform a psychology experiment. If you select a topic that hasn't been featured in a hundred of other research papers, you're likely not just to score a great grade, but additionally to add a valuable object of research to the area of science. While you do research, it's highly important to prevent the trap of feeling lost.

Essay Topics on Western Civilization in High School

Essay Topics on Western Civilization in High SchoolAre you looking for essay topics on Western civilization in high school? If so, this short article will give you a great starting point for thinking about the topic. Whether your school is a community college or an all-male private school, you are likely going to need to use a topic on this subject if you want to get into college.In order to write an essay on this topic, you will need to do some preparation on how to approach the question, 'What makes Western civilization different from other civilizations?' You also need to understand the background of Western history and the evolution of Western culture and science. You can't start by assuming that your readers have some familiarity with the topic; you need to make sure that they know enough to be able to understand what the essay is about.First, you should be able to discuss the differences between different cultures in Western civilization. This includes comparing the nature of C hristianity to other religions. You may have to go as far back as the Roman Empire to discuss why people who follow these religions have different beliefs and values than those who do not. You will want to know what differences there are between the philosophies of Eastern and Western religions and why they have developed into different belief systems.One way to determine whether people of the new religions hold on to the old belief systems is by comparing the New Testament to the Bible. Be sure to go through the same process as you do for your essay on religion and philosophy. For example, if you are writing about Christianity, you may want to talk about the similarities between the teachings of the New Testament and the Old Testament.You will also want to discuss what these new religionists read, hear, and believe as they learn more about each other. The process may take some time, but you should be able to use the information as you write your essay. For example, if you write an essay on science, you should consider explaining why the different ideas about how the world was created should not be considered a debate.In addition to the topic you will need to use to answer the questions, 'What makes Western civilization different from other civilizations?' you also need to use other information on the topic. When you prepare for your essay, you should compare the philosophies of other cultures to Western history, including your own. You should also mention any changes that have occurred in the minds of people over the years.When you decide on the topic of the essay, you should put the idea down on paper and discuss it with your teacher before you start writing the essay. He or she will give you suggestions about how to approach the subject, but he or she may also want to review it with you to make sure that you haven't forgotten the important information. In addition, they may want to help you organize your essay and edit it to make sure it is accurate.You may find that there is a possible conflict with your beliefs and how you perceive the world. In order to avoid this, you should try to understand how your classmate views the topic of the essay before you begin to write. You can also refer to a book or two about the topic; this will help you better understand the person reading the essay.

Research Paper Topics

Research Paper TopicsResearch papers are commonly dealt with in schools and colleges and they usually deal with the study of the sociology of social injustice and social facts. Some areas of the research which can be tackled in a research paper are some topics dealing with the reasons for social injustice and social problems. Research papers have to give correct ideas and facts and they should have everything relevant that will help a reader in his investigations. For getting the correct information, first things in this process are to have research paper topics on the topics and fields mentioned in the present article.So you should have justice. For justice you can have facts about the different kinds of injustice which people have been suffer from or have witnessed. These examples can include too many; examples are malpractices like unfair taxes, unjust sexual exploitation, so on.Also you can have some facts that will help a reader to determine if injustice exists in his society. T hese can be some other researched things like the social injustice in the United States and those in the United Kingdom.You can also look for the methods which are used in implementing social injustice in the United States and in the United Kingdom. For the same, you can have some facts on the unethical ways like child abuse or pedophilia.Most sociologists are also interested in these issues because they can be interesting for the sociologists. They can examine the issues like how the field of social research is moving towards these ideas and research which are for the understanding of social problems and the trends that the sociologists can easily spot with the correct ideas and facts.For sociology, you can have some research papers on different kinds of research that is planned for the particular discipline and the research topics in which the discipline is engaged. These should be those research topics which are interesting to the sociologists and may not be in the scope of any o ther research topics and not to be written about in the research papers.In the United States, for research paper topics, you can get research papers on social problems; in the United Kingdom, you can get research papers on social facts of the justice and not only on the social problems. If you find an interest in the research paper topics you can write to the editor of the sociology journal for the coming months with some information. You can also try to get information from the editors of journals in different fields as this will help a lot in making the research paper topic in your research paper topics which you will provide to the editor.

Short Scholarship Essay Samples - Write a Good Essay

Short Scholarship Essay Samples - Write a Good EssayIf you are looking for some of the best short scholarship essay samples for this year, there are a few things that you should consider. These samples will allow you to write a good essay, and if you have the passion and drive to write the perfect one, you will be able to get the money that you need.The first thing you will want to do is know why you are writing your essay. For most people, their purpose for writing is so that they can attend college and get a degree in some field of study. But what if you really love to write? If you love to write, you might like to look at some of the scholarship essay samples that are offered for free by companies.This will allow you to get some of the time off that you would otherwise be giving to your family, or to other obligations that you have. Because you will not have to sit down and create an essay, you will not have to spend any time writing something that is not going to come out as grea t as you would like it to. Also, if you do not have any friends or family members who are really into writing, these types of essay samples will let you know that you have a unique talent that can be used to help others in some way.There are many different types of essays available for those who are looking for these short scholarship essay samples. For example, you can look at how much you could make if you apply to several different colleges. You can choose to apply to just one college or you can try to get all of them, but when you go through the application process, you can help yourself to select which ones that you are going to apply to.You can also see how much money you could make if you write your own essay. When you use the online essay software that you will find in the essay samples, you will be able to write your own essay. Youwill be able to use all of the opportunities that are available for you to make some extra money.The best part about using these short essay samp les is that you will not have to spend any time doing something that you don't enjoy. This allows you to be able to put your personal feelings into your essay without having to worry about putting them in the wrong way. In the end, this will make sure that you are getting some time to spend with your family, as well as time to spend with your dog.The one thing that you will have to do is to use the free sample essay samples that are available, and to do this will give you a better idea of how you will be able to use the time that you are given. Remember that if you don't have enough time, you will have to use the time that you have to work hard. But if you have enough time, you will be able to use it to write a great essay that will be considered when you look for a scholarship.

Do You Need ACT Scores to Transfer Colleges A Guide

Do You Need ACT Scores to Transfer Colleges A Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One of the most complicated parts of transferring colleges is determining what the requirements are, especially when it comes to standardized tests. Unfortunately, there’s no simple answer to the question of whether you need to take the ACT as a transfer student, but this guide will walk you through how different schools policies vary and explain how much SAT and ACT scores count when applying as a transfer. Do You Need ACT Scores to Apply to College as a Transfer Student? The short answer is that it varies. What’s required of transfer applicants differsdepending on the school you’re interested in and how many credits you’ve completed so far. Generally speaking, the smaller and more selective the school and the fewer credits you’ve completed, the more likely it is that you’ll need to submit test scores. Most schools will also waive standardized testing requirements if you’ve been out of high school for more than five years or if taking the ACT represents an undue financial burden. To give you a sense of the range of policies, the following chart outlines the test score policies for a handful of schools.The far right column gives the number of credit hours (in semesters) above which any testing requirement is waived, and any other specific guidelines. School Requires ACTs Exceptions/Notes USC Yes More than 30 credit hours UT Austin No CU Boulder Yes More than 24 credit hours University of Illinois Yes More than 30 credit hours (but test scores are still recommended) Harvard Yes None University of California No Dartmouth Yes None Middlebury Yes Must send original high school scores Georgetown Yes At least5 years out of high school University of Washington Yes More than 40 transferable credits As you can see, schools' policies vary quite abit, so your best bet is to look up each school’s rulesabout whether transfer applicants need to submit standardized test scores. Figuring out how exactly to find that information can be a bit tricky, so here are some places to start: Look at the section of the website for transfer applicants. There might be a specific page about standardized scores; otherwise, try the application checklist or the FAQ page. Another approach is to search for â€Å"[your school] transfer ACT scores.† You may have to try a couple of the links before you find the information you need, however. If you're really having trouble, just call the admission office and ask! They'll be able to answer any questions you have about the transfer process. How Important Are ACT Scores As a Transfer Student? The other big question most students have about standardized tests is whether their scores count as muchfor transfer admissions as the do for freshmen ones. Happily, test scoresgenerally don't matter as much when you apply as a upperclassman transfer. ACT and SAT scores are used to predict college success. Since transfer students have proof of whether they can succeed in college in the form of their college transcripts, schools usuallycount SATs and ACTs less heavily than they do for freshman applicants. "If a student is transferring after one semester in college or a year, schools usually want the SAT [or ACT] and high school GPA, but the further away from high school, the less schools rely on them," college counselor Deborah Shames told US News. Again, though, the answer to this question is somewhat dependent on which schools you’re applying to- more competitive schools care more about test scores than less competitive ones. Meanwhile, if you’re transferringfromcommunity college, your school may have a guaranteed admission agreement with the local state university. The majority of these programs don’t require test scores, but some do. Further Reading If you have more questions about transferringcolleges, read our complete guide to the transfer process. Thinking about transferring, but not sure where you want to go? Use these college search sites to findthe school that's right for you. Or maybe you need help with another part of the application, like writing about extracurricularsor asking for recommendation letters. Disappointed with your ACT scores? Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Alex Heimbach About the Author Alex is an experienced tutor and writer. Over the past five years, she has worked with almost a hundred students and written about pop culture for a wide range of publications. She graduated with honors from University of Chicago, receiving a BA in English and Anthropology, and then went on to earn an MA at NYU in Cultural Reporting and Criticism. In high school, she was a National Merit Scholar, took 12 AP tests and scored 99 percentile scores on the SAT and ACT. 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Adam Walshs Killer Named After 27 Years

Adam Walsh's Killer Named After 27 Years The killer of a 6-year-old boy, whose death launched nationwide advocacy efforts for missing children and many other crime victims, was finally named 27 years later. Police say Adam Walsh was killed by Ottis Elwood Toole, who once confessed to the crime, but then later recanted. Toole, who confessed to dozens of murders, died in prison in 1996. Adam is the son of John Walsh, who turned the personal tragedy in his life to a tireless effort to help missing children and victims of crime. He co-founded the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children and started the still popular television show Americas Most Wanted in 1988. Murder of Adam Walsh Adam Walsh was abducted from a mall in Hollywood on July 27, 1981. His severed head was found two weeks later in Vero Beach, 120 miles north of the mall. His body was never found. According to Adams mother, Reve Walsh, on the day that Adam disappeared, they were together at a Sears department store in Hollywood, Florida. She said that while he played the Atari video game with several other boys at a kiosk, she went to look at lamps a few aisles over.   After a short time, she returned to where she had left Adam, but he and the other boys were gone. A manager told Reve that the boys had argued over whose turn it was to play the game. A security guard broke up the fight and asked them if their parents were at the store. When he was told no, he told all the boys, including Adam, to leave the store. Fourteen days later, fishermen found Adams head in a canal in Vero Beach, Florida. The childs body was never found. According to the autopsy, the cause of death was asphyxiation. The Investigation A the beginning of the investigation, Adams father John Walsh was a prime suspect. However, Walsh was soon cleared. Years later investigators pointed the finger at Ottis Toole who was at the Sears store on the same day that Adam was abducted. Toole had been told to leave the store. He was later seen outside of the front entrance of the store. Police believe that Toole convinced Adam to get into his car with the promise of toys and candy. He then drove away from the store and when Adam began to get upset he punched him in the face. Toole drove to a deserted road where he raped Adam for two hours, strangled him to death with the seatbelt of the car, then cut off Adams head using a machete. Death-Bed Confession Toole was a convicted serial killer, but he also confessed to many murders that he had nothing to do with, according to investigators. In October 1983, Toole confessed to the murder of Adam, telling police he grabbed the boy at the mall and drove about an hour north before decapitating him.   Toole later recanted his confession, but a niece of his told John Walsh that on Sept. 15, 1996, from his death bed Toole admitted to the kidnapping and murder of Adam. For years we have asked the question, who could take a 6-year-old boy and decapitate him. We had to know. Not knowing has been a torture, but that journey is over, a tearful John Walsh said at a news conference today. For us it ends here. Walsh has long believed that Ottis Toole was the killer of his son, but evidence gathered by police at the time- carpet from Tooles car and the car itself- was lost by the time DNA technology was developed that could have linked the carpet stains to Adam Walsh. Over the years, there have been several suspects in the Adam Walsh case. At one time, there was speculation that serial killer  Jeffrey Dahmer may have been involved  in Adams disappearance. But the other suspects were eliminated by investigators over the years. Missing Childrens Act When John and Reve Walsh turned to the FBI for help, they discovered the agency would not become involved in such cases unless proof could be provided that an actual kidnapping had taken place. As a result, Walsh and others lobbied Congress to pass the Missing Childrens Act of 1982 which allowed police to become involved in missing children cases more quickly and created a national database of information about missing children.